Composition Mould

MediumPine; plywood

DimensionsMedallion: 1 7/8" (L) x 1 1/4" (H) x 1/4" at bead. The outer ring of beads measure 1/8" in diameter. The central bead is 1/2" (L) x 1/4" (H). Base: 8” x 3 7/8” x ½”.

Credit LineGift of Mr. & Mrs. Elias Nassim

Object numberAF-X2023.2735

DescriptionIt is a mini oval medallion relief in wood with beads around the perimeter and a central oval bead. There are 27 beads and the right-hand end is missing three beads. There are 20 flutes around the central bead (would have been 30 when intact).Label TextThis antique composition mould represents a trade that was practiced in Virginia during the Revolutionary period and into the 19th century. It depicts a common design found in upper class homes and public buildings. Composition was a substitute for more laboriously produced ornamental plaster and carved wood and stone.

It is thought that the Adam brothers (Robert Adam 1728-1792) and John Adam (1721-1792)) played a major role in the initial manufacture of composition ornament on a grand scale. The Adam style demanded a large amount of delicate low-relief ornament. These moulds are for the production of such ornament in plaster, or in composition, usually a combination of whiting, glue, rosin and oil. The finished ornament was used on furniture and other objects as well as in the decoration of rooms.